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How to Master Skills for the TOEFL iBT Writing Intermediate is designed to beused either as a textbook for a TOEFL iBT writing preparation course or as a tool for individuallearners who are preparing for the TOEFL test on their own. With a total of 16 units note-taking outlining paraphrasing and summarizing practice
A list of essay topics reconstructed from the ones that have so far been asked on the TOEF L iBT
Two complete tests that familiarize students with the actual test format
Full answer key and Chinese translations
内容简介
《新托福考试专项进阶:高级口语》从托福考试所考查的听、说、读、写四项技能入手,为考生提供了详尽的考试指导,并将各技能分为初、中、高三级,通过独特的“进阶训练”方式,再辅以大量练习,让考生逐步掌握托福实考的技巧,同时切实提高英语实际运用能力,从而在短期内轻松取得托福高分。本丛书内容编排由易到难,循序渐进,实战性强,是不可多得的托福备考资料。 本丛书引进自韩国多乐园出版社。该社成立于1977年,在韩国英语教育出版领域始终处于领军地位。本丛书被韩国众多学校和培训机构指定为课堂教材,在托福考生中享有较高声誉。
作者简介
Michael A.Putlack,美国塔夫茨大学历史学硕士。TOEFL、TOEIC和TEPS考试测试研发方面经验丰富。
Stephen Poirier,加拿大西安大略大学历史学在读博士生,获得卡尔顿大学Professional Technical Writing证书。
目录
Introduction
How to Use This Book
PART 1 Independent Speaking
Chapter 1 Personal Experience
Unit 1 Needing Help
Unit 2 Subjects
Unit 3 Life Changes
Unit 4 Home Characteristics
Unit 5 Celebrations
Unit 6 Gifts
Unit 7 News
Unit 8 Challenging Experiences
Unit 9 Living Environment
Unit 10 Skills
Chapter 2 Personal Preference
Unit 11 Cell Phones
Unit 12 College Housing Arrangements
Unit 13 Part-time Jobs
Unit 14 Life after High School
Unit 15 Measures of Success
Unit 16 Kinds of Books
Unit 17 Films & Concerts
Unit 18 Summer Vacation Activities
Unit 19 Comfort in Different Generations
Unit 20 Life Lessons
PART 2 Integrated Speaking I
Chapter 3 Reading & Conversation
Unit 21 School Facilities 56
Unit 22 Dormitory Policies I
Unit 23 Class Size Increases
Unit 24 School Policies 65
Unit 25 Night Classes 68
Unit 26 Dormitory Policies II
Unit 27 Student Affairs 74
Unit 28 Library Renovations
Unit 29 Online Library Materials
Unit 30 Parking Policies
Chapter 4 Reading & Lecture
Unit 31 Shaping
Unit 32 Memorization
Unit 33 Cyclic Population Change
Unit 34 Short-term Memories
Unit 35 Scent Marketing
Unit 36 Fixed Action Patterns
Unit 37 Creative Categorization
Unit 38 Process Explanation
Unit 39 Competence Stages
Unit 40 Paradoxes of Choice
PART 3 Integrated Speaking II
Chapter 5 Conversation
Unit 41 Student Life I
Unit 42 Internships
Unit 43 Student Activities
Unit 44 Living Situations
Unit 45 Changing Classes
Unit 46 Extracurricular Activities I
Unit 47 Student Life II
Unit 48 Student Advisors
Unit 49 Extracurricular Activities II
Unit 50 Residential Life
Chapter 6 Lecture
Unit 51 Defensive Adaptations
Unit 52 Name Recognition
Unit 53 Art Methods
Unit 54 Animal Cooperation
Unit 55 Pollinator Attraction
Unit 56 Photography
Unit 57 Advertisements
Unit 58 Positive & Negative Reinforcement
Unit 59 Film Shots
Unit 60 Positive Thinking
Actual Tests
Answer Book
PART 1 Independent Speaking
Chapter 1 Personal Experience
Unit 1 Needing Help
Unit 2 Subjects
Unit 3 Life Changes
Unit 4 Home Characteristics
Unit 5 Celebrations
Unit 6 Gifts
Unit 7 News
Unit 8 Challenging Experiences
Unit 9 Living Environment
Unit 10 Skills
Chapter 2 Personal Preference
Unit 11 Cell Phones
Unit 12 College Housing Arrangements
Unit 13 Part-time Jobs
Unit 14 Life after High School
Unit 15 Measures of Success
Unit 16 Kinds of Books
Unit 17 Films & Concerts
Unit 18 Summer Vacation Activities
Unit 19 Comfort in Different Generations
Unit 20 Life Lessons
PART 2 Integrated Speaking I
Chapter 3 Reading & Conversation
Unit 21 School Facilities 56
Unit 22 Dormitory Policies I
Unit 23 Class Size Increases
Unit 24 School Policies 65
Unit 25 Night Classes 68
Unit 26 Dormitory Policies II
Unit 27 Student Affairs 74
Unit 28 Library Renovations
Unit 29 Online Library Materials
Unit 30 Parking Policies
Chapter 4 Reading & Lecture
Unit 31 Shaping
Unit 32 Memorization
Unit 33 Cyclic Population Change
Unit 34 Short-term Memories
Unit 35 Scent Marketing
Unit 36 Fixed Action Patterns
Unit 37 Creative Categorization
Unit 38 Process Explanation
Unit 39 Competence Stages
Unit 40 Paradoxes of Choice
PART 3 Integrated Speaking II
Chapter 5 Conversation
Unit 41 Student Life I
Unit 42 Internships
Unit 43 Student Activities
Unit 44 Living Situations
Unit 45 Changing Classes
Unit 46 Extracurricular Activities I
Unit 47 Student Life II
Unit 48 Student Advisors
Unit 49 Extracurricular Activities II
Unit 50 Residential Life
Chapter 6 Lecture
Unit 51 Defensive Adaptations
Unit 52 Name Recognition
Unit 53 Art Methods
Unit 54 Animal Cooperation
Unit 55 Pollinator Attraction
Unit 56 Photography
Unit 57 Advertisements
Unit 58 Positive & Negative Reinforcement
Unit 59 Film Shots
Unit 60 Positive Thinking
Actual Tests
精彩书摘
We all know the saying that a picture is worth a thousandwords. Thats probably why many of you are intophotography. And you should all know that, dependingupon how a photographer frames, er, takes his picture, hecan make his subject look sympathetic or make it appeardark and ominous. Think about how photographersin different centuries portrayed industrialization. Theirattitudes in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries werealmost completely different, which is reflected in theirwork. Photography as we know it was invented in thenineteenth century. And this is important, for this wasthe century when industrialism was really starting to takeoff. But you know what? These advances frightenedpeople. They thought the world was changing tooquickly. So photographers were often quite critical ofindustrialism. They took more photographs of nature andpeople instead. They focused mostly on humanity at theexpense of industrialism. Those pictures that did showindustrialism often emphasized peoples dirty, worn, andhopeless faces after theyd worked in the factories all dayor other such negative representations. The twentieth century, however, saw a dramatic changein attitudes. People began to, uh, celebrate industrialism.Photographers therefore started taking more pictures ofmachines and other tools of industrialization. Not onlydid they increase the numbers of pictures they took, butthey also made sure the pictures showed machines inthe best possible light. Here... See this picture inside anautomobile factory? Notice how clean everything is andhow the people are smiling as they do their jobs. Thispicture is typical of twentieth-centurys attitudes towardindustrialization. It meant to honor industrialization, not todemonize it. ……
前言/序言
告别“卡壳”,自信表达:你的托福高级口语进阶之路 备考托福,口语始终是不少考生心中的一道坎。那些流利的表达、清晰的逻辑、丰富的词汇,似乎遥不可及。你是否曾苦恼于找不到合适的词汇来表达复杂观点?是否曾因为紧张而语无伦次,临场失误?是否曾觉得自己的论证不够深入,观点不够有力? 如果你的答案是肯定的,那么,你需要的是一本真正能够引领你突破瓶颈,迈向高级口语殿堂的指南。 《告别“卡壳”,自信表达:你的托福高级口语进阶之路》并非一本枯燥的语法和词汇堆砌手册,它更像一位经验丰富的口语导师,循循善诱,步步引导,帮助你从根本上提升口语能力,让你在托福考场上,乃至未来的学术与职业生涯中,都能自信、清晰、有条理地表达自己的想法。 本书的独特之处,在于它并非仅仅罗列考试技巧,而是深入剖析了高级口语表达的底层逻辑,并将其转化为一套切实可行的训练体系。 我们深知,真正的口语能力并非一蹴而就,它需要系统性的训练,更需要对语言内在规律的深刻理解。因此,本书从以下几个关键维度,为你构建全面的能力提升框架: 第一部分:解构高级口语的“骨架”——思维与逻辑的精准训练 许多考生在练习口语时,常常陷入“说不出话”的窘境,究其原因,往往是思维的混乱和逻辑的不清。即使掌握了丰富的词汇,缺乏清晰的思路,也难以构成有说服力的表达。本书将帮助你: 重塑逻辑思维模式: 我们将通过大量案例分析,引导你学习如何快速审题,捕捉核心信息,并构建清晰的论证结构。无论是独立口语任务中的观点阐述,还是综合口语任务中的信息整合,你都能找到清晰的逻辑脉络。我们将教授你如何运用“总-分-总”、“因果分析”、“对比论证”、“举例说明”等多种逻辑框架,让你的论述层层递进,条理分明。 提升信息组织与概括能力: 在综合口语任务中,如何高效地听取、理解、并概括学术讲座和课堂对话中的关键信息,并将其与阅读文本进行有机结合,是一项重要的挑战。本书将为你提供科学的听记方法,教授你如何抓住主旨、识别细节、并准确地提取支持性论据。你将学会如何提炼信息,避免细节的堆砌,让你的总结更加精炼有力。 构建深度论证的能力: 高级口语不仅仅是复述,更是观点的阐释和论证。我们将引导你如何从多个角度深入分析问题,提供有力的证据来支持你的观点,并预设可能的反驳,提前进行回应。你将学会如何运用“背景铺垫-论点提出-论据支撑-结论重申”的标准论证模式,让你的发言更具深度和说服力。 第二部分:打磨语言的“利器”——词汇与表达的精准驾驭 有了清晰的逻辑骨架,接下来就需要用精准、丰富的语言来填充。本书并非提供大量的“万能模板”,而是教你如何灵活运用词汇,让你的表达更加地道、生动、富有层次: 系统性拓展学术词汇与地道表达: 我们将聚焦托福口语考试中常出现的学术话题,为你精选高频、实用的学术词汇和短语。但我们不会让你死记硬背,而是通过语境化的学习,让你理解词汇的深层含义和用法,并学会如何在不同的语境下进行替换和运用。你将掌握如何使用同义词、近义词,让你的表达避免重复,更加丰富。 掌握高级语法结构与句式: 流畅的表达离不开多样的句式。本书将引导你学习并运用更复杂的语法结构,如虚拟语气、强调句、倒装句等,让你的句子更具表现力。你还将学习如何巧妙运用连接词和过渡词,使你的段落衔落,句与句之间衔接自然,听起来更具逻辑性和流畅性。 提升语调与节奏的掌控力: 语言的魅力不仅在于词汇和语法,还在于声音的表达。本书将为你提供关于语调、重音、停顿等方面的指导,帮助你掌握自然的口语节奏,让你的表达更加富有感染力,更能抓住听众的注意力。你将学会如何通过语调的变化来强调重点,表达情感,让你的口语表现力更上一层楼。 第三部分:实战演练与反馈——从模仿到创造的质变 理论学习终究要回归实践。本书提供了大量精心设计的练习材料,并强调了反馈的重要性,帮助你巩固所学,发现问题,并不断优化: 多样化的练习模块: 涵盖独立口语和综合口语的各种题型,从话题讨论、观点阐述到信息整合、独立陈述,全方位模拟真实考试场景。每个练习模块都提供详细的指导,让你知道如何着手,如何组织内容,如何组织语言。 深度解析高分范例: 本书将深入剖析不同类型的口语高分范例,不仅仅是展示“说了什么”,更重要的是分析“为什么这样说”、“为什么这样表达”。你将学习到高分选手是如何审题、如何构建逻辑、如何运用词汇和句式,从而内化其优秀的表达策略。 有效的自我评估与反馈机制: 我们将为你提供一套自我评估的框架,引导你如何录音,如何回听,如何识别自己的问题,例如发音、语法、词汇、逻辑、流畅度等。同时,我们也鼓励你寻找学习伙伴,进行互评,或者寻求专业老师的指导,从而获得更具针对性的反馈,加速你的进步。 本书特别适合以下人群: 备考托福,口语成绩徘徊不前,希望突破瓶颈的考生。 对现有托福口语备考资料感到乏味,寻求更系统、更深入指导的考生。 希望在提升托福口语能力的同时,也为未来留学或学术研究打下坚实语言基础的考生。 渴望在公开场合或学术交流中,能够清晰、自信、有条理地表达自己观点的学习者。 《告别“卡壳”,自信表达:你的托福高级口语进阶之路》 是一本为你量身打造的口语进阶宝典。它将带你告别“卡壳”,让你在托福考场上,乃至人生中的每一次重要表达,都能自信从容,尽显才华。 这是一段旅程,一段从“敢说”到“会说”,再到“说得好”的蜕变之旅。 让我们一起,用清晰的逻辑,精准的语言,和饱满的自信,点亮你的托福口语之路!