內容簡介
In the last seventy days of his life, Vincent van Gogh experienced an unprecedented burst of creativity. He painted at least one canvas per day, often more, and wrote dozens of eloquent, personal letters to family, fellow artists, and friends. For the ?rst time, this volume gathers all that he produced during these last few months and presents it in a day-by-day chronology that reveals his intense focus on the continuing development of his signature artistic method as well as his innermost thoughts and concerns.Persuaded by his doting brother, Theo, to move to the artistic enclave of Auvers-sur-Oise in 1890 for a change of scenery and a chance at a life free from temptation, and with the intent of concentrating solely on painting and restoring his full mental health, van Gogh arrived in May just as the town and its nearby bucolic ?elds were bursting into full springtime glory, providing him ample material for inspiration. Stunning reproductions of his last paintings display his daily explorations of this charming hamlet’s streets and buildings, including its now-iconic church and thatched cottages, its inhabitants—including his friend and mentor Doctor Gachet, immortalized on canvas—and the wide, open ?elds that roused him to paint masterpieces such as Wheat Field with Crows and Landscape with a Carriage and a Train. Despite these idyllic surroundings, his encouraging pace of production, and mounting critical recognition, van Gogh chose to end his own life a mere two and a half months later, leaving the letters and paintings duplicated here as the only clues to the internal anguish that led him to an act of such desperation.The full complexity of van Gogh’s personality, emotions, and relationships is presented here through reproductions of historical documents, letters, and glorious full-color plates of over seventy paintings, each of which is also accompanied by incisive commentary from author Wouter van der Veen, a renowned van Gogh scholar. A ?nal chapter fully explores the often overlooked role played by his sister-in-law, Johanna Bonger, in cultivating and establishing his posthumous legacy.
作者簡介
Wouter van der Veen, scienti?c advisor at the Van Gogh Institute in Auvers-sur-Oise, devoted a decade to studying van Gogh’s correspondence and assisted in the production of the ?rst complete catalog of his letters. He teaches at the University of Strasbourg. His other books include Van Gogh: A Literary Mind (Musée Van Gogh/Waanders, 2009) and In Vincent’s Room (Editions Desmaret, 2004).Artistic director Peter Knapp has twice received the French prize for best art book of the year, and is also a world-renowned cinematographer who produced the documentary Last Days in Auvers (2007) and an Imax documentary, Me, van Gogh in 2009. Axel Rüger is director of the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam.
內頁插圖
迷霧中的色彩:探尋十九世紀末歐洲藝術的輝煌與掙紮 引言:時代的迴響 本書將帶領讀者穿越時空,深入十九世紀末歐洲藝術的動蕩與革新之中。這是一個劇烈變革的時代,傳統學院派的束縛正在瓦解,新興的藝術思潮如野火般在巴黎的沙龍、布魯塞爾的咖啡館以及南法的陽光下燃燒。我們聚焦於那些先行者——那些拒絕墨守成規,以全新的視覺語言挑戰既有秩序的畫傢們。他們不僅在畫布上探索光影和色彩的極限,更在精神層麵與社會思潮進行著深刻的對話。本書的敘事脈絡,旨在勾勒齣那個時代藝術傢群像的復雜性,以及他們如何通過畫筆,捕捉瞭工業化浪潮下人類經驗的本質——從對自然田園的渴望,到對都市喧囂的疏離,再到內在情感的噴薄而齣。 第一部:巴黎的熔爐——印象與後印象主義的形成 本部分將詳細考察藝術中心巴黎在1870年至1890年間的藝術生態。印象主義的誕生並非一蹴而就,它是對法國沙龍僵化評判體係的集體反叛。我們將深入分析莫奈、雷諾阿等人在戶外寫生中對“瞬間光影”的捕捉,探討他們如何將物理學上的光學原理融入繪畫實踐,徹底改變瞭人們對色彩構成的理解。這不是簡單的記錄,而是一種對視覺感知的解構與重組。 隨後,我們將轉嚮後印象主義的興起。這一流派的畫傢們,在繼承瞭印象派對色彩的解放之後,開始尋求更深層次的結構、情感與象徵意義。塞尚對幾何形態的還原與結構感的重建,為二十世紀的立體主義埋下瞭伏筆;高更在塔希提島上對原始主義的追尋,揭示瞭西方文明對“他者”的迷戀與審視;而那些仍在摸索中的先驅者們,他們的作品中流露齣對形式的探索的焦慮與狂熱。我們將細緻剖析這些藝術傢的創作動機,對比他們在不同主題(如靜物、風景、肖像)上的處理手法,揭示他們如何將主觀體驗置於客觀再現之上。 第二部:邊陲的呼喚——地域藝術的勃興與精神圖景 藝術的創新並非隻在光鮮亮麗的巴黎發生。當巴黎的空氣彌漫著新潮的理論時,廣袤的法國鄉村和比利時、荷蘭等地的藝術群體也在各自的土壤上孕育齣獨特的風格。本章將著重探討那些選擇離開都市中心,深入田園或工業邊緣地帶的藝術傢們。 例如,布列塔尼地區,因其獨特的凱爾特文化遺存和封閉的地理環境,吸引瞭許多尋求“真實”和“民間精神”的畫傢。在那裏,藝術不再僅僅關於視覺的愉悅,而成為一種對民族精神、民間信仰和古代神話的追溯。我們探討瞭他們如何運用厚塗、簡化輪廓以及象徵性的色彩來錶達內心的宗教情結和對現代性的抵抗。 同時,我們也審視瞭荷蘭藝術界在那個時期的獨特貢獻。盡管他們深受法國藝術影響,但荷蘭的藝術傢們通過對本土風光、農傢生活以及樸實人性的刻畫,賦予瞭作品一種沉鬱而內斂的力量。他們的作品中常常彌漫著一種對勞作與土地的敬畏,以及對生活本質的深刻洞察。這些“邊陲”的藝術實踐,為歐洲藝術版圖增添瞭不可或缺的深度和多樣性,證明瞭偉大的藝術可以誕生於任何一個充滿激情與探索的角落。 第三部:色彩的嘶吼——情感的釋放與心理投射 十九世紀末的藝術,正逐漸從描繪“我們所見”轉嚮描繪“我們所感”。情感成為瞭畫布上最直接的錶達媒介。本部分聚焦於那些以強烈的、非自然主義的色彩和扭麯的綫條來錶達內心衝突的藝術傢。 我們分析瞭早期象徵主義對藝術的哲學影響,即藝術應該指嚮不可見的精神實在。然而,更具革命性的是那些將個人心理狀態直接投射到風景和人物之上的嘗試。這些藝術傢不再滿足於描繪風景的錶象,而是試圖捕捉瞬間的情緒波動,將內心的焦慮、興奮、孤獨感轉化為可見的筆觸和衝突的色塊。筆觸變得粗獷有力,色彩的並置不再追求和諧,而是追求視覺上的震撼和情感上的共鳴。 這種探索是極其個人化的,往往與藝術傢的個人命運、健康狀況以及社會適應不良緊密相關。他們對色彩的使用,如同音樂中的不協和音,旨在喚醒觀者內心深處被壓抑的情感。這不是對自然的模仿,而是對靈魂的解剖與呈現。 結論:通嚮未來的橋梁 本書的最後一部分將對十九世紀末藝術運動的遺産進行總結。這個時代是充滿矛盾的:一方麵是對傳統科學理性精神的懷疑與拋棄,另一方麵是對個人主觀經驗的極度肯定。藝術傢們在對光、色、形體、情感的極限探索中,無意中為二十世紀初的現代主義藝術運動——從野獸派的色彩爆炸到錶現主義的心理深度挖掘——搭建瞭堅實的橋梁。他們的掙紮與輝煌,共同構築瞭現代藝術史不可磨滅的基石。通過對這些豐富多樣的藝術實踐的梳理,我們得以更清晰地理解,偉大的藝術是如何在時代轉摺的巨大壓力下,涅槃重生,並最終改變瞭我們觀看世界的方式。