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适读人群 :NA--NA 《红字》以两百多年前的殖民地时代的美洲为题材,但揭露的却是19世纪资本主义发展时代美国社会法典的残酷、宗教的欺骗和道德的虚伪。小说惯用象征手法,人物、情节和语言都颇具主观想象色彩,在描写中又常把人的心理活动和直觉放在首位。因此,它不仅是美国浪漫主义小说的代表作,同时也被称作是美国心理分析小说的开创篇。
内容简介
Hailed by Henry James as "the finest piece of imaginative writing yet put forth in the country," Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter reaches to our nation's historical and moral roots for the material of great tragedy. Set in an early New England colony, the novel shows the terrible impact a single, passionate act has on the lives of three members of the community: the defiant Hester Prynne; the fiery, tortured Reverend Dimmesdale; and the obsessed, vengeful Chillingworth.
With The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne became the first American novelist to forge from our Puritan heritage a universal classic, a masterful exploration of humanity's unending struggle with sin, guilt and pride.
《红字》讲述的是一出发生在北美殖民时期的恋爱悲剧。女主人公海丝特·白兰嫁给了医生奇灵渥斯,他们之间却没有爱情。在孤独中白兰与牧师丁梅斯代尔相恋并生下女儿珠儿。白兰被当众惩罚,戴上标志“通奸”的红色A字示众。然而白兰坚贞不屈,拒不说出孩子的父亲。白兰的丈夫从英国来到北美,目睹了白兰受罚的一幕,遂决定找出孩子的父亲,进行报复。当时,丁梅斯代尔由于其出色的工作倍受当地居民的爱戴,只是他在沉重的良心债务压榨下身体日渐衰颓。人民于是安排奇灵渥斯与牧师合住以治疗他的病。白兰由于有愧于丈夫,因此答应了奇灵渥斯不公开他们之间的合法夫妻关系。于是一场残忍的复仇行动展开了。 最终丁梅斯代尔不堪良心的遣责,公开认罪,死在了白兰的怀里。奇灵渥斯却沦为魔鬼的奴隶,成为真正的罪人。
作者简介
Hawthorne was a novelist and short-story writer, born in Salem, MA. Educated at Bowdon College, he shut himself away for 12 years to learn to write fiction. His first major success was the novel The Scarlet Letter (1850), still the best known of his works. Other books include The House of the Seven Gables (1851), The Snow Image (1852), and a campaign biography of his old schoolfriend, President Franklin Pierce, on whose inauguration Hawthorne became consul at Liverpool (1853--7). Only belatedly recognized in his own country, he continued to write articles and stories, notably those for the Atlantic Monthly, collected as Our Old Home.
纳撒尼尔·霍桑(1804-1864),美国作家,十九世纪后期美国浪漫主义文学的重要代表。其代表作《红字》一经问世便引起巨大轰动,时至今日仍是不朽的经典。
《红字》描写了二百多年以前发生在新英格兰殖民时期一个浪漫的爱情悲剧。小说以深邃的主题,以象征、隐喻等艺术手法形成独特的风格,对美国文学史上一批卓有成就的作家如梅尔维尔、海明威、菲茨杰拉德、福克纳等都产生过影响。
精彩书评
Up Nathaniel Hawthorne's classic novel of Puritanism giving rise to twisted gender politics, hypocrisy, and strength of character in the face of public scorn is well realized in this reading by Annie Wauters. She gives individual tone and rhythm to each of the main characters, while keeping the passages of narrative relatively uninflected. While this suits the author's own sometimes dry writing, it means that listeners must get to the second hour before the story truly gets underway. Since this lengthy forepart fits almost entirely onto the first disk, and each chapter is clearly marked as to track number on the packaging, it is possible to simply skip ahead rather than give up what becomes a delightfully lively listening experience once the romance gets going. Because the reading adheres so entirely to the print in spirit as well as in word, this is an excellent choice for students who cannot access print or who would like to accomplish college prep reading while undertaking other activities. Sturdy packaging makes this a shelf ready purchase.
--Francisca Goldsmith, Berkeley Public Library, CA
"[Nathaniel Hawthorne] recaptured, for his New England, the essence of Greek tragedy."
--Malcolm Cowley
精彩书摘
Chapter 1
The Prison-DoorA throng of bearded men, in sad-colored garments, and gray, steeple-crowned hats, intermixed with women, some wearing hoods and others bareheaded, was assembled in front of a wooden edifice, the door of which was heavily timbered with oak, and studded with iron spikes.
The founders of a new colony, whatever Utopia of human virtue and happiness they might originally project, have invariably recognized it among their earliest practical necessities to allot a portion of the virgin soil as a cemetery, and another portion as the site of a prison. In accordance with this rule, it may safely be assumed that the forefathers of Boston had built the first prison-house somewhere in the vicinity of Cornhill, almost as seasonably as they marked out the first burial-ground, on Isaac Johnson's lot, and round about his grave, which subsequently became the nucleus of all the congregated sepulchres in the old churchyard of King's Chapel. Certain it is, that, some fifteen or twenty years after the settlement of the town, the wooden jail was already marked with weather-stains and other indications of age, which gave a yet darker aspect to its beetle-browed and gloomy front. The rust on the ponderous iron-work of its oaken door looked more antique than anything else in the New World. Like all that pertains to crime, it seemed never to have known a youthful era. Before this ugly edifice, and between it and the wheel-track of the street, was a grass-plot, much overgrown with burdock, pigweed, apple-peru, and such unsightly vegetation, which evidently found something congenial in the soil that had so early borne the black flower of civilized society, a prison. But, on one side of the portal, and rooted almost at the threshold, was a wild rose-bush, covered, in this month of June, with its delicate gems, which might be imagined to offer their fragrance and fragile beauty to the prisoner as he went in, and to the condemned criminal as he came forth to his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nature could pity and be kind to him.
This rose-bush, by a strange chance, has been kept alive in history; but whether it had merely survived out of the stern old wilderness, so long after the fall of the gigantic pines and oaks that originally over-shadowed it,-or whether, as there is fair authority for believing, it had sprung up under the footsteps of the sainted Anne Hutchinson, as she entered the prison-door,-we shall not take upon us to determine. Finding it so directly on the threshold of our narrative, which is now about to issue from that inauspicious portal, we could hardly do otherwise than pluck one of its flowers, and present it to the reader. It may serve, let us hope, to symbolize some sweet moral blossom, that may be found along the track, or relieve the darkening close of a tale of human frailty and sorrow.
Chapter 2
The Market-Place
The grass-plot before the jail, in Prison Lane, on a certain summer morning, not less than two centuries ago, was occupied by a pretty large number of the inhabitants of Boston, all with their eyes intently fastened on the iron-clamped oaken door. Amongst any other population, or at a later period in the history of New England, the grim rigidity that petrified the bearded physiognomies of these good people would have augured some awful business in hand. It could have betokened nothing short of the anticipated execution of some noted culprit, on whom the sentence of a legal tribunal had but confirmed the verdict of public sentiment. But, in that early severity of the Puritan character, an inference of this kind could not so indubitably be drawn. It might be that a sluggish bond-servant, or an undutiful child, whom his parents had given over to the civil authority, was to be corrected at the whipping-post. It might be, that an Antinomian, a Quaker, or other heterodox religionist was to be scourged out of the town, or an idle and vagrant Indian, whom the white man's fire-water had made riotous about the streets, was to be driven with stripes into the shadow of the forest. It might be, too, that a witch, like old Mistress Hibbins, the bitter-tempered widow of the magistrate, was to die upon the gallows. In either case, there was very much the same solemnity of demeanor on the part of the spectators; as befitted a people amongst whom religion and law were almost identical, and in whose character both were so thoroughly interfused, that the mildest and the severest acts of public discipline were alike made venerable and awful. Meagre, indeed, and cold was the sympathy that a transgressor might look for from such by-standers, at the scaffold. On the other hand, a penalty, which, in our days, would infer a degree of mocking infamy and ridicule, might then be invested with almost as stern a dignity as the punishment of death itself.
It was a circumstance to be noted, on the summer morning when our story begins its course, that the women, of whom there were several in the crowd, appeared to take a peculiar interest in whatever penal infliction might be expected to ensue. The age had not so much refinement, that any sense of impropriety restrained the wearers of petticoat and farthingale from stepping forth into the public ways, and wedging their not unsubstantial persons, if occasion were, into the throng nearest to the scaffold at an execution. Morally, as well as materially, there was a coarser fibre in those wives and maidens of old English birth and breeding, than in their fair descendants, separated from them by a series of six or seven generations; for, throughout that chain of ancestry, every successive mother has transmitted to her child a fainter bloom, a more delicate and briefer beauty, and a slighter physical frame, if not a character of less force and solidity, than her own. The women who were now standing about the prison-door stood within less than half a century of the period when the man-like Elizabeth1 had been the not altogether unsuitable representative of the sex. They were her countrywomen; and the beef and ale of their native land, with a moral diet not a whit more refined, entered largely into their composition. The bright morning sun, therefore, shone on broad shoulders and well-developed busts, and on round and ruddy cheeks, that had ripened in the far-off island, and had hardly yet grown paler or thinner in the atmosphere of New England. There was, moreover, a boldness and rotundity of speech among these matrons, as most of them seemed to be, that would startle us at the present day, whether in respect to its purport or its volume of tone.
"Goodwives," said a hard-featured dame of fifty, "I'll tell ye a
piece of my mind. It would be greatly for the public behoof, if we women, being of mature age and church-members in good repute, should have the handling of such malefactresses as this Hester Prynne. What think ye, gossips? If the hussy stood up for judgment before us five, that are now here in a knot together, would she come off with such a sentence as the worshipful magistrates have awarded? Marry, I trow not!"
"People say," said another, "that the Reverend Master Dimmesdale, her godly pastor, takes it very grievously to heart that such a scandal should have come upon his congregation."
"The magistrates are God-fearing gentlemen, but merciful overmuch,--that is a truth," added a third autumnal matron. "At the very least, they should have put the brand of a hot iron on Hester Prynne's forehead. Madam Hester would have winced at that, I warrant me. But she,-the naughty baggage,-little will she care what they put upon the bodice of her gown! Why, look you, she may cover it with a brooch, or such like heathenish adornment, and so walk the streets as brave as ever!"
"Ah, but," interposed, more softly, a young wife, holding a child by the hand, "let her cover the mark as she will, the pang of it will be always in her heart."
"What do we talk of marks and brands, whether on the bodice of her gown, or the flesh of her forehead?" cried another female, the ugliest as well as the most pitiless of these self-constituted judges. "This woman has brought shame upon us all, and ought to die. Is there not law for it? Truly, there is, both in the Scripture and the statute-book. Then let the magistrates, who have made it of no effect, thank themselves if their own wives and daughters go astray!"
"Mercy on us, goodwife," exclaimed a man in the crowd, "is there no virtue in woman, save what springs from a wholesome fear of the gallows? That is the hardest word yet! Hush, now, gossips! for the lock is turning in the prison-door, and here comes Mistress Prynne herself."
The door of the jail being flung open from within, there appeared, in the first place, like a black shadow emerging into sunshine, the grim and grisly presence of the town-beadle, with a sword by his side, and his staff of office in his hand. This personage prefigured and represented in his aspect the whole dismal severity of the Puritanic code of law, which it was his business to administer in its final and closest application to the offender. Stretching forth the official staff in his left hand, he laid his right upon the shoulder of a young woman, whom he thus drew forward; until, on the threshold of the prison-door, she repelled him, by an action marked with natural dignity and force of character, and stepped into the open air, as if by her own free will. She bore in her arms a child, a baby of some three months old, who winked and turned aside its little face from the too vivid light of day; because its existence, heretofore, had brought it acquainted only with the gray twilight of a dungeon, or other darksome apartment of the prison.
When the young woman-the mother of this child-stood fully revealed before the crowd, it seemed to be her first impulse to clasp the infant closely to her bosom; not so much by an impulse of motherly affection, as that she might thereby conceal a certain token, which wa...
《静默的群山:一部关于自然、记忆与人类境遇的沉思录》 作者:艾米莉亚·凡恩(Emilia Thorne) 出版信息:[虚构出版社名称],[出版年份] 装帧:精装,附插画 --- 卷首语: “我们并非栖居于时间之中,时间才是栖居于我们之内的幽灵。唯有在群山的沉默里,我们才能听见那份亘古的、不被言说的真实。” --- 内容概要: 《静默的群山》并非一部传统意义上的叙事小说,而是一部融合了自然哲学、个人回忆录与社会观察的散文体巨著。艾米莉亚·凡恩,一位隐居于北美西北部偏远山脉已逾三十年的作家兼博物学家,以其细腻入微的笔触和深邃的思辨,带领读者进入一个被现代文明遗忘的、由岩石、冰川与古老森林构筑的世界。 全书围绕着“静默”这一核心母题展开,探讨了人类与自然界之间那段被语言、科技和工业进步所隔绝的原始联系。凡恩的文字并非歌颂田园牧歌式的浪漫,而是直面自然的冷酷、宏大以及它对人类短暂生命所投下的永恒阴影。 第一部分:岩石的编年史 开篇部分,凡恩以地质学家的严谨和诗人的敏感,描绘了她所居住的这片山脉的诞生与变迁。她将时间尺度拉伸至亿万年,考察冰川如何雕刻出尖峭的山脊,河流如何切开峡谷,以及矿物质如何在黑暗中沉积成形。 这一部分充满了对物质世界的深刻洞察。凡恩探讨了“持久性”的概念:人类的王朝兴衰不过是山脉呼吸间的一粒尘埃。她详细记录了她对当地岩层中发现的微小化石的研究,这些生物的灭绝,如同被遗忘的文字,诉说着地球自身的历史。读者将跟随她的脚步,体验在海拔数千米处观察到的独特光影变幻,感受风暴来临前,空气中弥漫的、带着矿石气息的寂静。这里的静默,不是空无,而是无数未被听见的、地壳运动的低语。 第二部分:失语的生灵 凡恩将视野转向山脉中的生命形态。她并非简单地罗列动植物名录,而是深入探究这些生命如何适应极端环境,以及它们之间微妙的、非语言的交流网络。 她对狼群的观察尤为动人。在她看来,狼嚎并非简单的呼唤,而是一种高度结构化的“声景”,承载着领地、血缘和生存策略的信息。她记录了在雪夜中,狼群如何通过气味和肢体语言,在极度寒冷中维护其社群的秩序,这种秩序的纯粹性,与人类社会的复杂与虚伪形成了鲜明的对比。 此外,凡恩还描绘了苔藓、真菌和古老针叶树的生存智慧。她思考,在没有文字和契约的世界里,生命是如何建立信任和交换的?答案似乎在于一种无需解释的、基于生存需求的“共识”。对于人类而言,这种“失语”的交流方式,既令人向往,又因其无法被理性完全捕获而感到敬畏。 第三部分:人类的遗迹与退却 这部分转向对人迹的审视。凡恩深入探索了被遗弃的矿井、废弃的伐木小道和早年定居者的残垣断壁。她挖掘的不是金银财宝,而是被时间腐蚀的工具、褪色的信件和干枯的衣物。 她对这些“遗迹”的解读,超越了简单的怀旧。她试图理解,为什么那些满怀希望或贪婪而来的人们,最终选择了离开,或者被山脉无声地吞噬。她认为,人类的介入,无论多么短暂,都伴随着一种“噪音”——对秩序的强加、对资源的掠夺以及对自身重要性的过度宣扬。 凡恩对比了她早年作为一名都市学者的生活与现在与自然共处的状态。她坦言,人类社会中的许多交流,本质上是一种自我确认的表演,而真正的智慧和力量,往往隐藏在那些不被言说、不被记录的瞬间——例如,当她独自一人面对一场突如其来的暴风雪时,所有的技巧、知识和语言都瞬间失效,剩下的只有本能和对生存的纯粹渴望。 第四部分:回声与重塑 在书的最后部分,凡恩将视线收回至自身。她探讨了记忆在自然环境中的表现形式。山谷的形状、溪流的流向,甚至树木的年轮,都像是铭刻着历史的档案。她反思,在绝对的静默中,个体的记忆如何与更宏大的自然记忆融合。 她拒绝将山脉浪漫化为逃避现实的避难所,反而指出,自然是对人最诚实的镜子。它不会原谅虚伪,不会理会矫饰。在这里,每一个错误都将以物理的代价结算。这种残酷的诚实,是凡恩认为现代社会最缺失的教育。 《静默的群山》最终导向一个深刻的结论:真正的自由并非是无限的选择权,而是在充分理解自身局限性的基础上,与万物建立起一种谦卑而坚韧的关系。凡恩笔下的山脉,是永恒的见证者,它不评判,只是存在着。而人类的任务,或许是学会如何倾听这份超越语言的、关于存在本身的宏大叙事。 本书特色: 多学科交叉的叙事结构: 融合了生态学、地质学、人类学和个人哲学的深度探讨。 极富张力的环境描写: 凡恩对天气、光线、气味和声音的捕捉细腻入微,使读者仿佛身临其境地感受到高山环境的壮丽与险峻。 对现代性批判的深层反思: 本书不是简单的“回归自然”,而是对现代人类“言语泛滥”与“精神贫瘠”状态的有力反诘。 --- 读者评价(虚构): “凡恩的文字具有一种令人不安的清晰感,她把我们带到了文明的边缘,迫使我们重新审视我们所珍视的一切。读完此书,你会发现,你周围那些熟悉的喧嚣,突然变得轻浮而空洞。” “这不是一本可以快速阅读的书。它需要时间,需要安静的空间,就像作者本人一样。它是一次心灵的攀登,最终抵达的却是宁静的峰顶。”