Upheaval

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Jared Diamond
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Little, Brown and Company 2019-5-7 Hardcover 9780316409131

具体描述

Jared Diamond, a noted polymath, is Professor of Geography at the University of California, Los Angeles. Among his many awards are the U.S. National Medal of Science, Japan’s Cosmos Prize, a MacArthur Foundation Fellowship, a Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, and election to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences. He is the author of the international best-selling books Guns, Germs, and Steel, Collapse, Why Is Sex Fun?, The World until Yesterday, and The Third Chimpanzee, and is the presenter of TV documentary series based on three of those books.

In his earlier bestsellers Guns, Germs and Steel and Collapse, Jared Diamond transformed our understanding of what makes civilizations rise and fall. Now, in the final book in this monumental trilogy, he reveals how successful nations recover from crisis through selective change — a coping mechanism more commonly associated with personal trauma.

In a dazzling comparative study, Diamond shows us how seven countries have survived defining upheavals in the recent past — from US Commodore Perry’s arrival in Japan to the Soviet invasion of Finland to Pinochet’s regime in Chile — through a process of painful self-appraisal and adaptation, and he identifies patterns in the way that these distinct nations recovered from calamity. Looking ahead to the future, he investigates whether the United States, and the world, are squandering their natural advantages, on a path towards political conflict and decline. Or can we still learn from the lessons of the past?

Adding a psychological dimension to the awe-inspiring grasp of history, geography, economics, and anthropology that marks all Diamond’s work, Upheaval reveals how both nations and individuals can become more resilient. The result is a book that is epic, urgent, and groundbreaking.

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##在今年诡谲的历史时刻,原本希望读到贾雷德先生的真知灼见,至少能寻找到一种剧变下的解释,可惜,这本书只不过是作者对历史上曾经有过的几个国家的历史的自我解读,全无新意而且老气十足。再次证明了除了文物似乎什么东西都不要崇拜时间久远带来的价值。而且,本书的翻译水平...  

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##这本书从个人的crisis出发,谈了国家层面的crisis,讲这个国家发生的历史,它的优势劣势,再按照factors related to the outcomes of national crises来谈论各个国家遇到的危机,我感觉历史的内容和很多角度都非常新颖。例如其中提到的geopolitical factor使得一些国家不可避免卷入争斗中。他对几个社会的问题的提出也很有总结性,我觉得Jared Diamond的书还是要边看边做笔记,因为信息量很大,而框架性又比较强,所以还是适合有笔记帮助自己理解这本书。这本书也是值得再读的。

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##类比个人对危机应对,以此为框架看国家的危机应对,听起来有点民科但却也确实带来不少洞见。分析的例子中,有国内大家较为熟悉的如日本明治维新、德国二战后重建与两德统一,也有至少我个人不熟悉的如芬兰与苏联的冬季战争、澳大利亚的身份认同危机、智利的军政府政变等,还是很涨见识的。全书最后谈当下美国所面临的危机也顺便讨论了与中国的冲突,可惜局限于美国视角只能讲一些老生常谈的点,像贫富差距、左右党争之类,若是能站在中国的角度写当下的危机应该会有意思得多吧。当今朝廷强调“底线思维”,算是抛弃了幻想,做着最坏的打算最好的准备;按照书中框架衡量,这样是否真能做到承担责任,明确问题,准确评估自我,且保有足够耐心,就只能在多年后由历史评述了。

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