拓撲空間 [Topological Spaces: From Distance to Neighborhood] pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載
內容簡介
《拓撲空間》是一部本科生學習拓撲空間的基礎教程。引導讀者很好的學習拓撲中有關幾何的東西什麼是最重要的。《拓撲空間》的內容分為三大部分,綫和麵、矩陣空間和拓撲空間。書中將大量的數學詞匯概念囊括其中,不要求讀者對簡單定理或者集閤知識十分瞭解,從而減少讀者理解上的難度。收斂定理的應用在幫助讀者抓住重點的同時,逐漸接觸並理解拓撲的概念,書中的知識點步步逼近,前九節重在為本科生講述矩陣空間的知識,同時也包括瞭大量的材料,這些將成為研究生學習的教程。
內頁插圖
目錄
Preface
PART Ⅰ THE LINE AND THE PLANE
Chapter 1 What Topology Is About
Topological Equivalence
Continuity and Convergence
A Few Conventions
Extra: Topological Diversions
Exercises
Chapter 2 Axioms for R
Extra: Axiom Systems
Exercises
Chapter 3 Convergent Sequences and Continuity
Subsequences
Uniform Continuity
The Plane
Extra: Bolzano (1781-1848)
Exercises
ChaPter 4 Curves in the Plane
Curves
Homeomorphic Sets
Brouwer's Theorem
Extra: L.E.J. Brouwer (1881-1966)
PART Ⅱ METRI SPACES
Chapter 5 Metrics
Extra: Camille Jordan (1838-1922)
Exercises
Chapter 6 Open and Closed Sets
Subsets of a Metric Space
Collections of Sets
Similar Metrics
Interior and Closure
The Empty Set
Extra: Cantor (1845-1918)
Exercises
Chapter 7 Completeness
Extra: Meager Sets and the Mazur Game
Exercises
Chapter 8 Uniform Convergence
Extra: Spaces of Continuous Functions
Exercises
Chapter 9 Sequential Compactness
Extra: The p-adic Numbers
Exercises
Chapter 10 Convergent Nets
Inadequacy of Sequences
Convergent Nets
-Extra: Knots
Exercises
Chapter 11 Transition to TOpology
Generalized Convergence
Topologies
Extra: The Emergence of the Professional Mathematician
Exercises
PART Ⅲ TOPOLOGICAL SPACES
Chapter 12 Topological Spaces
Extra: Map Coloring
Exercises
Chapter 13 Compactness and the Hausdorff Property
Compact Spaces
Hausdorff Spaces
Extra: Hausdorff and the Measure Problem
Exercises
Chapter 14 Products and Quotients
Product Spaces
Quotient Spaces
Extra: Surfaces
Exercises
Chapter 15 The Hahn-Tietze-Tong-Urysohn Theorems
Urysohn's Lemma
Interpolation and Extension
Extra: Nonstandard Mathematics
Exercises
Chapter 16 Connectedness
Connected Spaces
The Jordan Theorem
Extra: Continuous Deformation of Curves
Exercises
Chapter 17 Tvchonoffs Theorem
Extra: The Axiom of Choice
Exercises
PAler Ⅳ PosTsciuer
Chapter 18 A Smorgasbord for Further Study
Countability Conditions
Separation Conditions
Compactness Conditions
Compactifications
Connectivity Conditions
Extra: Dates from the History of General Topology
Exercises
Chapter 19 Countable Sets
Extra: The Continuum Hypothesis
A Farewell to the Reader
Literature
Index of Symbols
Index of Terms
前言/序言
拓撲空間 [Topological Spaces: From Distance to Neighborhood] 下載 mobi epub pdf txt 電子書
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東西不錯,希望一直好用。
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東西不錯,~~
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3 An Introduction to Gröbner Bases, William W. Adams, Philippe Loustaunau (1994, ISBN 978-0-8218-3804-4)
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於是度量空間都是拓撲空間。但不是所有拓撲空間都可定義度量,使得該度量下的開集族與原拓撲空間的開集族一緻;詳見度量化定理。
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其他學科
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1 The General Topology of Dynamical Systems, Ethan Akin (1993, ISBN 978-0-8218-4932-3)[1]
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目錄
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設X是非空集閤,令J0={X,},稱(X,J0)為平庸拓撲空間,J0為平庸拓撲。令J1={A|AÌX},稱(X,J1)為離散拓撲空間。在離散拓撲空間中任意子集均是開集。對實數集R1,令J={BÌR1|"x∈G,∈ε>0,使(x-ε,x+ε)ÌG},則(R1,J)就是一維歐幾裏得空間。類似地可定義n維歐幾裏得空間Rn。
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紐結問題
拓撲空間 [Topological Spaces: From Distance to Neighborhood] pdf epub mobi txt 電子書 下載