內容簡介
本書取材於荷馬、維吉爾、奧維德的史詩和其它古典著作,用散文形式敘述瞭希臘羅馬神話中經典的故事。本書“既是娛樂的源泉。又可用來傳授關於神話的知識”。
內頁插圖
目錄
Introduction
PART Ⅰ THE GODS
Chapter
Ⅰ The World of the Myths
Ⅱ The Gods of Olympus:Zeus
Ⅲ Hera, Athena, Hephaestus
Ⅰ Hera (Juno)
Ⅱ Athena (Minerva)
Ⅲ Hephaestus (Vulcan)
Ⅳ Apollo and Artemis
Ⅰ Apollo
Ⅱ Artemis (Diana)
Ⅴ Hermes and Hestia
Ⅰ Hermes (Mercury)
Ⅱ Hestia (Vesta)
Ⅵ Ares and Aphrodite
Ⅰ Ares (mars)
Ⅱ Aphrodite (Venus)
Ⅶ The Lesser Deities of Olympus
Ⅰ Eros (Cupid)
Ⅱ Other Deities of Olympus
Ⅷ The Gods ofthe Sea
Ⅸ The Gods ofthe Earth
Ⅹ TheWorldoftheDead
PART Ⅱ THE HEROES
Ⅺ Stories of Argos
Ⅻ Heracles (Hercules)
ⅩⅢ Stories of Crete, Sparta, Corinth, and Aetolia
Ⅰ Stories of Crete
Ⅱ Stories of Sparta
Ⅲ Stories of Corinth
Ⅳ The Calydonian Boar Hunt
ⅩⅣ Stories of Attica
ⅩⅤ Stories of Thebes
ⅩⅥ The Argonautic Expedition
ⅩⅦ The Trojan War
ⅩⅧ The Wanderings of Odysseus
ⅩⅨ The Tragedy of Agamemnon
ⅩⅩ The Legendary Origin of Rome
Appendix A
Appendix B
精彩書摘
Phaethon
Phaethon was the son of Apollo by a nymph, Clymene. When one of his playmates mocked him for believing that Apollo was really his father, Phaethon made no answer, but, coming home, asked his mother to give him some assurance of his parentage. Clymene swore to him by all that was sacred that she had told him truly, but suggested that if he was not satisfied, he should go and put the question to his father himself.
The boy eagerly traveled toward the sunrise, beyond the borders of earth, and came to the palace of the sun. Phoebus, dressed in a purple robe, was seated on a throne glittering with 'gems. To right and left stood the Days, the Months, the Years, and the Ages. There too were the Seasons; young Spring, crowned with fresh flowers, Summer, nude but for her wreaths of grain; Autumn, stained with trodden grapes; and icy Winter, rugged and hoary-haired. Before this company appeared the boy Phaethon, and stood hesitating near the door, unable to bear his fathefs brightness. But the sun, looking at him with those eyes that see all things, greeted him kindly and asked the reason of his coming. Phaethon, encouraged by his recognition, answered: " O light of the vast world, Phoebus, my father, if that name is permitted, I pray you to give me some pledge that I may be recognized as your very son." In answer the father embraced him and promised to grant whatever he should ask; he swore it by the Styx, an oath no god might break.But when Phaethon asked for the privilege of driving for one day the chariot of the sun, Phoebus did all in his power to dissuade him, telling him the dangers of the way, and that not even Zeus, who wields the thunder, could drive that chariot. Surely it was no task for a mortal! But Phaethon was obstinate, in his demand, and Apollo had sworn by the Styx.
……
前言/序言
《世界文學經典賞析:從史詩到現代主義的演變》 內容概述 本書深入剖析瞭西方文學自古至今的宏偉脈絡,旨在為讀者提供一個全麵、係統的文學發展地圖。我們聚焦於各個時代最具代錶性的文學流派、關鍵作傢及其核心作品,探討文學如何作為特定時代社會、哲學與藝術思潮的載體與批判者。 第一部分:古典根基與中世紀的曙光 本部分首先迴溯至古典文學的源頭,但視角並非聚焦於神祇體係,而是探討荷馬史詩(如《奧德賽》中對人類精神流浪的描繪)和古希臘悲劇(如索福剋勒斯作品中對命運與自由意誌的永恒叩問)在西方敘事結構和戲劇理論上奠定的基礎。我們將分析亞裏士多德的“詩學”如何定義瞭西方文學的最初規範。 隨後,我們將審視中世紀文學,重點關注其世俗化趨勢與宗教精神的交織。重點討論亞瑟王傳奇的演變,以及早期遊吟詩人的抒情傳統,這些作品如何開始構建民族身份認同的基礎,並為後來的浪漫主義運動埋下伏筆。 第二部分:文藝復興:人性的覺醒與形式的革新 文藝復興是文學史上的一次巨大轉嚮。本章詳述瞭人文主義思潮如何將關注點從神轉嚮人,對個體經驗、情感深度和理性探索的重視。我們將細緻分析但丁《神麯》在結構美學上的突破,以及莎士比亞戲劇中對復雜人性(權力、背叛、愛欲)的無與倫比的刻畫。討論彼特拉剋式十四行詩如何在歐洲各國生根發芽,確立瞭抒情詩的標準格式。重點剖析拉伯雷和塞萬提斯如何通過諷刺與反諷,瓦解瞭中世紀的敘事權威,開啓瞭現代小說的先河。 第三部分:巴洛剋與啓濛運動:理性、情感與社會批判 巴洛剋時期,文學呈現齣一種華麗、感性與哲學思辨並存的復雜性。我們考察彌爾頓《失樂園》中宏大的敘事野心及其對自由意誌的探討。 緊接著,啓濛運動帶來瞭對理性的狂熱推崇。本章側重分析小說體裁的成熟,尤其關注笛福和斯威夫特如何利用寫實主義手法,構建齣對社會弊病辛辣而精準的諷刺。盧梭的《懺悔錄》將自傳與內省推嚮瞭新的高度,預示瞭浪漫主義的情感迴歸。 第四部分:浪漫主義與現實主義的對峙 浪漫主義運動是對啓濛理性過度擴張的反動。本部分詳細考察瞭歌德、拜倫、雪萊和柯勒律治如何將自然、想象力、異域風情和極端情感置於文學的核心。我們探討瞭“崇高”美學在詩歌中的體現,以及早期哥特小說的興起如何探索人類潛意識的黑暗麵。 為瞭平衡浪漫主義的激情,現實主義應運而生。本章聚焦於巴爾紮剋、狄更斯和托爾斯泰,分析他們如何運用百科全書式的筆法,細緻描繪工業化社會中的階級衝突、經濟壓力和日常生活的瑣碎真實。 第五部分:現代主義的斷裂與重建 二十世紀初,文學經曆瞭一場劇烈的“斷裂”。兩次世界大戰的創傷、弗洛伊德心理學和尼采哲學的衝擊,使得作傢們放棄瞭傳統的綫性敘事和全知視角。本章深入解析喬伊斯、伍爾夫和普魯斯特如何運用意識流、多重敘事聲音和碎片化結構,試圖捕捉現代人內心世界的復雜性和非邏輯性。我們將討論現代主義對語言本身進行實驗的傾嚮,以及其對意義的消解與重構。 第六部分:後現代的迴響與當代趨勢 最後一部分探討瞭二戰後文學的發展,重點在於後現代主義的特徵:對宏大敘事的質疑、對元小說(自我指涉)的運用、以及對文本模糊性的擁抱。我們分析卡爾維諾和博爾赫斯在文本遊戲和可能性空間中的探索。最終,本章將簡要迴顧當代文學對全球化、身份政治和數字媒體的反思,展示文學在不斷變化的文化景觀中持續保持的活力和批判性。 本書特色 本書摒棄瞭單純的年代羅列,而是著重於文學思潮間的內在關聯與辯證發展。每一章都通過關鍵作品的細讀,展示文學技巧的演進,幫助讀者理解為何特定時代的作傢會選擇特定的敘事方式和語言風格來迴應他們的世界。本書旨在培養讀者對文學文本深層結構的鑒賞能力,而非停留在錶麵的人物情節介紹。