本書嚴格按照該教程的內容進行編寫，每章由三個部分組成： 1 參考譯文：將教程的內容全部譯為漢語。

譯文在尊重教程意圖的基礎上，力求通順，流暢，易懂。 2 名詞解釋：將各章節中的語言學專業術語、語

言學名傢，語言學流派，相關地名和語言學試驗手段等用詳盡的漢語進行闡釋。注釋在力求準確的基礎上，

也力求通俗易懂、詳細而深入。 3 參考答案：對各章節中的部分客觀題給齣瞭閤適的參考答。考慮到學生

學習和應試的需要，答案緊扣教程，力求準確。

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 What is linguistics?

1.1.1 Definition

1.1.2 The scope of linguistics

1.1.3 Some important distinctions in linguistics

1.2 What is language?

1.2.1 Definitions of language

1.2.2 Design features of language

1.2.3 Funcions of language

Revision exercises

For further reading

Chapter 2 Phonology

2.1 The phonic medium of language

2.2 Phonetics

2.2.1 What is phonetics?

2.2.2 Organs of speech

2.2.3 Orthographic representation of speech sounds——broad and narrow transcriptions

2.2.4 Classification of English speech sounds

2.3 Phonology

2.3.1 Phonology and phonetics

2.3.2 Phone, phoneme, and allophone

2.3.3 Phonemic contrast, complementary distribution, and minimal pair

2.3.4 Some rules in phonology

2.3.5 Suprasegmental features —— stress, tone, intonation

Revision exercises

For further reading

Chapter 3 Morphology

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Open class and closed class

3.3 Morphemes —— the minimal units of meaning

3.4 Analyzing word structures

3.5 Derivational and inflectional morphemes

3.6 Morphological rules of word formation

3.7 Derivation

3.8 Compounds

Revision exercises

For further reading

Chapter 4 Syntax

4.1 What is syntax?

4.2 Categories

4.2.1 Word-level categories

4.2.2 Phrase categories and their structures

4.3 Phrase structure rule

4.3.1 XP rule

4.3.2 Coordination rule

4.4 Phrase element,,

4.4.1 Specifiers

4.4.2 Complements

4.4.3 Modifiers

4.5 Sentences (The S rule)

4.6 Transformations

4.6.1 Auxiliary movement

4.6.2 Do insertion

4.6.3 Deep structure and surface structure

4.6.4 Wh movement

4.6.5 Move α and constraints on transformations

Revision exercises

For further reading

Chapter 5 Semantics

5.1 What is semantics?

5.2 Some views concerning the study of meaning

5.2.1 The naming theory

5.2.2 The conceptualist view

5.2.3 Contextualism

5.2.4 Behaviorism

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