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　　最佳的文学经典读物 最好的语言学习读本

内容简介

　　《君主论》是意大利政治家、思想家马基雅弗利的代表作，是一本毁誉参半的奇书，一直被奉为欧洲历代君主的案头之书，政治家的最高指南，统治阶级巩固其统治的治国原则，人类有史以来对政治斗争技巧最独到最精辟的解剖。自1532年开始印行，迄今470多年，从西方到东方，在政界、宗教界、学术等领域引起巨大的反响，被西方评论界列为和《圣经》、《资本论》等相提并论的影响人类历史的十部著作之一。

作者简介

　　 尼可罗·马基雅弗利（1469—1572），文艺复兴时期的意大利政治哲学家、外交官和作家，被誉为“近代哲学之父”。《君主论》是其最知名的著作，影响了后世许多政治家，是政治学的经典。

精彩书评

　　马基雅弗利自称是在给君主讲课，其实他是在给人民讲大课。
　　——卢梭 《社会契约论》

　　马基雅弗利对于政治行为的研究无异于化学家对于化学反应的研究……他以科学家的冷静和沉着来看待这些东西。马基雅维利所开出的是政治处方。
　　——德国哲学家恩斯特·卡西尔

目录

DEDICATION 1
1 HOW MANY KINDS OF PRINCIPALITIES THERE ARE,AND BY WHAT MEANS THEY ARE ACQUIRED
2 CONCERNING HEREDITARY PRINCIPALITIES
3 CONCERNING MIXED PRINCIPALITIES
4 WHY THE KINGDOM OF DARIUS, CONQUERED BY ALEXANDER, DID NOT REBEL AGAINST THE SUCCESSORS OF ALEXANDER AT HIS DEATH
5 CONCERNING THE WAY TO GOVERN CITIES OR PRINCIPALITIES WHICH LIVED UNDER THEIR OWN LAWS BEFORE THEY WERE ANNEXED
6 CONCERNING NEW PRINCIPALITIES WHICH ARE ACQUIRED BY ONE’S OWN ARMS AND ABILITY
7 CONCERNING NEW PRINCIPALITIES WHICH ARE ACQUIRED EITHER BY THE ARMS OF OTHERS OR BY GOOD FORTUNE
8 CONCERNING THOSE WHO HAVE OBTAINED A PRINCIPALITY BY WICKEDNESS
9 CONCERNING A CIVIL PRINCIPALITY
10 CONCERNING THE WAY IN WHICH THE STRENGTH OF ALL PRINCIPALITIES OUGHT TO BE MEASURED
11 ECCLESIASTICAL PRINCIPALITIES
12 HOW MANY KINDS OF SOLDIERY THERE ARE, AND CONCERNING MERCENARIES
13 CONCERNING AUXILIARIES, MIXED SOLDIERY, AND ONE’S OWN
14 THAT WHICH CONCERNS A PRINCE ON THE SUBJECT OF THE ART OF WAR
15 CONCERNING THINGS FOR WHICH MEN, AND ESPECIALLY PRINCES, ARE PRAISED OR BLAMED
16 CONCERNING LIBERALITY AND MEANNESS
17 CONCERNING CRUELTY AND CLEMENCY, AND WHETHER IT IS BETTER TO BE LOVED THAN FEARED
18 CONCERNING THE WAY IN WHICH PRINCES SHOULD KEEP FAITH
19 THAT ONE SHOULD AVOID BEING DESPISED AND HATED
20 ARE FORTRESSES, AND MANY OTHER THINGS TO WHICH PRINCES OFTEN RESORT,ADVANTAGEOUS OR HURTFUL?
21 HOW A PRINCE SHOULD CONDUCT HIMSELF SO AS TO GAIN RENOWN
22 CONCERNING THE SECRETARIES OF PRINCES
23 HOW FLATTERERS SHOULD BE AVOIDED
24 WHY THE PRINCES OF ITALY HAVE LOST THEIR STATES
25 WHAT FORTUNE CAN EFFECT IN HUMAN AFFAIRS AND HOW TO WITHSTAND HER
26 AN EXHORTATION TO LIBERATE ITALY FROM THE BARBARIANS

精彩书摘

　　Those who strive to obtain the good graces of a prince are accustomed to come before him with such things as they hold most precious, or in which they see him take most delight; whence one often sees horses, arms, cloth of gold, precious stones, and similar ornaments presented to princes, worthy of their greatness.
　　Desiring therefore to present myself to your Magnificence with some testimony of my devotion towards you, I have not found among my possessions anything which I hold more dear than, or value so much as, the knowledge of the actions of great men, acquired by long experience in contemporary affairs, and a continual study of antiquity; which, having reflected upon it with great and prolonged diligence, I now send, digested into a little volume, to your Magnificence.
　　And although I may consider this work unworthy of your countenance, nevertheless I trust much to your benignity that it may be acceptable, seeing that it is not possible for me to make a better gift than to offer you the opportunity of understanding in the shortest time all that I have learnt in so many years, and with so many troubles and dangers; which work I have not embellished with swelling or magnificent words, nor stuffed with rounded periods, nor with any extrinsic allurements or adornments whatever, with which so many are accustomed to embellish their works; for I have wished either that no honour should be given it, or else that the truth of the matter and the weightiness of the theme shall make it acceptable.
　　Nor do I hold with those who regard it as a presumption if a man of low and humble condition dare to discuss and settle the concerns of princes; because, just as those who draw landscapes place themselves below in the plain to contemplate the nature of the mountains and of lofty places, and in order to contemplate the plains place themselves upon high mountains, even so to understand the nature of the people it needs to be a prince, and to understand that if princes it needs to be of the people.
　　Take then, your Magnificence, this little gift in the spirit in which I send it; wherein, if it be diligently read and considered by you, you will learn my extreme desire that you should attain that greatness which fortune and your other attributes promise. And if your Magnificence from the summit of your greatness will sometimes turn your eyes to these lower regions, you will see how unmeritedly I suffer a great and continued malignity of fortune.

　　……

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