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This carefully researched and lively edition of a part of Chaucer's masterwork is richly and beautifully produced. While Cohen admits that "Chaucer's words are best," her prose adaptation of four of his tales captures the zest and vigor of Middle English and makes his stories accessible to the modern child. This is not a pedantic translation or a bowdlerized retelling; Cohen does not substitute weak cliches for Chaucer's rollicking and earthy metaphors, nor does she sacrifice the rhythms of his text. Readers hear the bickering of the pilgrims as they decide on which tale they want to hear next, and the rambling voice of the good Sir John as he laments Chaunticleer's fate. Hyman's meticulous drawings not only evoke the rich panoply of 14th century England, but they are faithful to the text in the smallest detail. Each pilgrim is made particular: we see the Pardoner's limp hanks of hair and the Wife of Bath's gap-toothed smile and dainty ankle. One could not ask for a more enticing introduction to Chaucer's world.
Grade 3 Up Cohen has chosen wisely to adapt four stories from Chaucer's masterpiece for children with an overview of the pilgrimage, whetting the appetite for the real thing. She doesn't bowdlerize as Farjeon (Hale, 1930) and McCaughrean (Childrens, 1984; o.p.), who included more stories, had to. Cohen's choices: ``The Nun's Priest's Tale'' (Chauntecleer), ``The Pardoner's Tale'' (revelers in search of death), ``The Wife of Bath's Tale'' (variant of Sir Gawain and the Loathly Lady), and ``The Franklin's Tale'' (honor, fidelity, and generosity). She has given equal importance and depth to the tellers and to the tales. Her language, as always, is clear and fine. Hyman's glowing watercolors, bordered in gold, illuminate the tales. She has not painted the characters in flat, medieval style, but has given them the depth that the tales do, bringing them to life, dressed precisely as Chaucer described them, captured in a medieval frame, as Chaucer had framed them in the pilgrimage. Enjoy this impressive blend of talent. Helen Byrne Gregory, Grosse Pointe Public Library, Mich. 内容简介
Lively, absorbing, often outrageously funny, Chaucer's The Canterbury Tales is a work of genius, an undisputed classic that has held a special appeal for each generation of readers. The Tales gathers twenty-nine of literature's most enduring (and endearing) characters in a vivid group portrait that captures the full spectrum of medieval society, from the exalted Knight to the humble Plowman.
This new edition includes a comprehensive introduction that summarizes some of the most important historical events and movements that defined the world of Chaucer and his pilgrims; two additional tales (Reeve's and Shipman's); introductions for each tale designed to prepare the reader for a better understanding and enjoyment of the tale; newly written and conveniently placed explanatory notes; and a new, more easily understood system for learning to pronounce Chaucerian Middle English. 作者简介
Geoffrey Chaucer was born in London about 1340, the son of a well-to-do and well-connected wine merchant. In 1360, after his capture while fighting in the French wars, Edward III paid his ransom, and later Chaucer married Philippa de Roet, a maid of honor to the queen and sister-in-law to John of Gaunt, Chaucer's patron.
Chaucer's oeuvre is commonly divided into three periods: the French (to 1372), consisting of such works as a translation of the Roman de la Rose and The Book of the Duchess; the Italian (1372-1385), including The House of Fame, The Parliament of Fowls and Troilus and Criseyde; and the English (1385-1400), culminating in The Canterbury Tales. In 1400, he died, leaving 24 of the apparently 120 tales he had planned for his final masterpiece. Chaucer became the first of England's great men to be buried in the Poet's Corner of Westminster Abbey.
Peter G. Beidler is the Lucy G. Moses Distinguished Professor of English at Lehigh University. He is the author of a dozen books and more than 150 articles. In the summer of 2005 he directed a seminar for high school teachers on Chaucer's Canterbury Comedies (the seminar was supported by the National Endowment for the Humanities). He and his wife Anne have four children. 精彩书摘
Part I
Femenye (line 8). A race of warlike women, led by Hypolita, who decided that they could live and protect themselves without the help of men. They are sometimes called Amazons, their land Scithia.
Saturne, Juno (470–71). Two forces that Palamon blames for the setbacks that Thebes has suffered. Saturn is the powerful planet. Juno is the jealous wife of Jupiter, who had made love to two Theban women.
Part II
Hereos (516). Eros, a sickness associated with the intense emotion of falling in love.
manye (516). A kind of melancholy madness or mania brought on by the frustration of his love for an inaccessible woman.
Argus (532). In classical mythology, the jealous Juno had set the hundred-eyed Argus as guard to Io, who was a lover of her husband, Jupiter. Argus was killed by Mercury (see line 527), who first sang all of Argus's hundred eyes to sleep.
Cadme and Amphioun (688). Cadmus and Amphion are the legendary founders of the city of Thebes, home to Palamon and Arcite.
regne of Trace (780). The reference in this and the next lines is to the Thracian kingdom in which a hunter prepares himself at a mountain pass to meet a charging lion or bear.
Part III
Citheroun (1078). Venus's supposed mountainous island of Cytherea, though Chaucer may have confused the name with the name of a different location.
Ydelnesse, Salamon, Hercules, Medea, Circes, Turnus, Cresus (1082–88). Various literary, historical, and classical allusions, most of them demonstrating the follies and miseries associated with the snares of love.
qualm (1156). Probably a reference to the "pestilence" or bubonic plague that killed millions in Europe during Chaucer's lifetime. See also line 1611 below, where Saturn claims to have the power to send the plague. The reference to the bubonic plague here is anachronistic, since "The Knight's Tale" is set in the classical pre-Christian era.
Julius, Nero, Antonius (1173–74). Three famous rulers slaughtered in time of war—exemplary of the mayhem and death caused by mighty Mars. The last is Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Caracalla, a Roman emperor murdered in AD 217.
Puella, Rubeus (1187). Two astrological references to Mars as cast by a complicated process called geomancy, a pseudoscience involving dots and lines.
Calistopee, Dane, Attheon, Atthalante, Meleagre (1198– 1213). Various classical and legendary allusions to hunters or the hunted whose unfortunate tales are depicted on the walls of the temple of Diana, goddess of the hunt.
griffon (1275). A griffin was in Greek mythology a fearsome beast with the head and wings of an eagle on the body of a lion.
in hir houre (1359). Palamon picks his hour of prayer carefully. The various planets were supposed to have special powers on certain hours of the day, hours in which it was particularly propitious to make prayers for their astrological influence. Venus would have had special strength on the twenty-third hour of Sunday night (see line 1351), when it was not yet two hours before dawn on Monday morning (line 1352).
the thridde houre inequal (1413). The medieval astrological day was divided into twenty-four "inequal" or planetary hours. In this system the time between dawn and dusk was divided equally into twelve hours, the time between dusk and the following dawn into twelve more. Except at the two equinoxes, when the daylight hours would have been exactly equal in length to the nighttime hours (that is, sixty minutes), the daylight hours would have been longer or shorter than the hours of darkness, depending on the time of the year...
探寻失落的文明:古埃及的辉煌与神秘 书籍名称:《金字塔下的秘密:尼罗河畔的权力、信仰与日常生活》 作者:[虚构作者名] 艾莉森·布莱克伍德 出版社:古文明探秘出版社 页数:约580页 装帧:精装,附赠高清彩图插页与历史地图 --- 内容简介 在人类文明的浩瀚星空中,古埃及无疑是最耀眼、最持久的一颗星辰。它矗立于尼罗河畔,跨越了超过三千年的历史长河,留下了金字塔的宏伟轮廓、神庙的神秘壁画,以及对永生的不朽追求。然而,在那些被沙尘掩埋的宏伟建筑背后,隐藏着一个怎样真实而鲜活的社会?他们的国王如何驾驭庞大的国家机器?他们的祭司如何解读众神的旨意?普通民众又是如何度过从播种到收获的每一个日夜? 《金字塔下的秘密:尼罗河畔的权力、信仰与日常生活》并非一部单纯的编年史,而是一次深入法老统治下的社会肌理的田野考察。本书聚焦于解析古埃及文明的内在驱动力——权力结构、宗教信仰及其在日常生活中无处不在的影响。 第一部分:尼罗河的恩赐与王权的奠基 本书伊始,我们首先要理解尼罗河在古埃及世界观中的核心地位。尼罗河不仅是灌溉之源,更是宇宙秩序(玛阿特,Ma'at)的具象体现。作者细致描绘了从前王朝时期(Pre-Dynastic Period)到统一王朝(Early Dynastic Period)的过渡,重点探讨了美尼斯(或称纳尔迈)如何通过政治联姻和军事征服,将上下埃及融合成一个统一的、中央集权的强大国家。 权力金字塔的构建: 我们将深入解析古王国时期(Old Kingdom)法老的神性地位。法老不仅仅是统治者,更是人神之间的中介,是维持宇宙平衡的活神。本书详细分析了《王表》和早期铭文,揭示了行政管理系统的起源——从地方贵族(Nomarchs)到中央官僚机构(Vizier)的权力分配与制衡机制。特别值得一提的是,本书有一整章专门探讨了建造金字塔的工程奇迹背后的组织管理学,破除那些关于外星人或奴隶劳动的浪漫化或夸大叙事,转而关注专业工匠、劳动力调度以及国家对资源的集约化控制能力。 第二部分:神祇的殿堂与永生的蓝图 古埃及的宗教信仰是其社会结构的粘合剂,也是其艺术和建筑的最高指导原则。本书的第二部分将带读者走进卡尔纳克和卢克索的巨大神庙群,探寻诸神谱系的复杂性。 阿蒙-拉的崛起与祭司阶层的兴盛: 随着新王国(New Kingdom)的到来,底比斯(Thebes)的主神阿蒙-拉(Amun-Ra)的地位空前提高。本书详尽分析了阿蒙神庙祭司阶层如何积累巨大的土地、财富和政治影响力,甚至在某些时期(如第三中间期)对法老的权威构成了实质性的挑战。我们审视了祭祀仪式的细节,包括“美妙的宴会”(Opet Festival)的政治意义,以及祭司如何通过解释神谕来指导国家政策。 通往来世的旅程: 死亡在古埃及并非终结,而是通往永恒新生的过渡阶段。本书深入剖析了《亡灵书》的实际应用,解读了死者的审判过程——由阿努比斯引导,心脏与玛阿特羽毛进行称重。此外,本书对木乃伊制作工艺的科学分析,揭示了古埃及人对人体解剖学的理解,以及这门技术如何从单纯的防腐需求演变为宗教仪式中不可或缺的一环。 第三部分:象形文字背后的声音:社会阶层的面孔 要真正理解一个文明,必须倾听其普通民众的声音。本书运用了罗塞塔石碑(Rosetta Stone)破译后的最新研究成果,结合了大量出土的私人信件、诉讼记录和“工人社区”的考古发现,重构了古埃及社会的日常面貌。 从书记员到农民: 作者描绘了教育体系的运作,以及书记员(Scribe)阶层如何成为通往晋升的唯一正规途径。我们得以一窥代阿巴拉古墓(Tomb of the Artisans at Deir el-Medina)中的生活片段:工匠们如何组织罢工以争取应得的口粮配给;他们私下如何抱怨上司;以及他们如何在家庭祭坛上供奉小型的神祇雕像。 女性的地位与家庭生活: 与同期其他古代文明相比,古埃及女性拥有显著的法律权利,包括拥有财产、继承遗产和签订合同的权利。本书通过分析古埃及法律文书,展示了离婚诉讼的案例,以及女性在家庭管理中扮演的实际角色。我们看到,尽管社会结构仍是父权制的,但女性在经济生活中的能动性是毋庸置疑的。 贸易与外部世界: 本书的最后一章将视野投向埃及的边界。我们追踪了苏美尔、米诺斯文明、以及后来的努比亚和黎凡特地区的贸易路线。通过分析从地中海发现的埃及陶器和从埃及发现的波斯湾青金石,我们得以描绘出这个“大河流域”文明如何与更广阔的地中海和近东世界进行思想、技术和商品的交流。 《金字塔下的秘密》以严谨的学术态度为基础,辅以生动、引人入胜的叙事风格,旨在带领读者跨越时间的长河,亲身体验尼罗河畔那段失落而辉煌的文明史。它不仅解释了“法老是谁”,更试图回答“他们如何生活,又如何思考永恒”。