Walden瓦尔登湖 论公民的不服从义务 梭罗 英文原版进口

Walden瓦尔登湖 论公民的不服从义务 梭罗 英文原版进口 pdf epub mobi txt 电子书 下载 2025

Henry David Thoreau 著
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出版社: Signet Classics
ISBN:9780451532169
商品编码:10663605123
包装:平装
外文名称:Walden
开本:48
出版时间:2012-07-03
用纸:轻型纸
页数:320
正文语种:英文

具体描述

商品详情 书名:Walden and Civil Disobedience瓦尔登湖及论公民的不服从义务
难度:Lexile蓝思阅读指数1340
作者:Henry David Thoreau亨利·戴维·梭罗
出版社名称: Signet Classics
出版时间:2012
语种:英文 
ISBN:9780451532169
商品尺寸:18.3 x 10.4 x 2.8 cm
包装:简装
页数:320

编辑推荐 Walden and Civil Disobedience《瓦尔登湖及论公民的不服从义务》包括两部分。Walden又译为《湖滨散记》,是美国作家梭罗隐居瓦尔登湖两年期间所写下的随笔作品。由于梭罗的思想深受艾默生影响,其作品也展现出超验主义以及自然主义的特点。作品文风朴实自然,语言简练,从中我们可以感受到作者细腻的情感和怡然自得、淡泊名利的生活态度。本英文原版是150周年纪念版,由美国诗人W. S. Merwin作序,美国作家、普林斯顿大学教授William Howarth写后记。体积轻巧,便于携带,方便随时随地阅读。
First published in 1854, Walden details Thoreau’s experiences over the course of two years, two months, and two days in a cabin he built near Walden Pond, amidst woodland owned by his friend and mentor Ralph Waldo Emerson, near Concord, Massachusetts. The book compresses the time into a single calendar year and uses passages of four seasons to symbolize human development. By immersing himself in nature, Thoreau hoped to gain a more objective understanding of society through personal introspection. Simple living and self-sufficiency were Thoreau’s other goals, and the whole project was inspired by transcendentalist philosophy, a central theme of the American Romantic Period.
Walden’s original publisher releases an annotated edition to celebrate the book’s 150th anniversary. With an Introduction by W.S. Merwin and an Afterword by Will Howarth
Reviews:

Walden
 is a difficult book to read for three reasons: First, it was written in an older prose, which uses surgically precise language, extended, allegorical metaphors, long and complex paragraphs and sentences, and vivid, detailed, and insightful descriptions. Thoreau does not hesitate to use metaphors, allusions, understatement, hyperbole, personification, irony, satire, metonymy, synecdoche, and oxymorons, and he can shift from a scientific to a transcendental point of view in mid-sentence. Second, its logic is based on a different understanding of life, quite contrary to what most people would call common sense. Ironically, this logic is based on what most people say they believe. Thoreau, recognizing this, fills Walden with sarcasm, paradoxes, and double entendres. He likes to tease, challenge, and even fool his readers. And third, quite often any words would be inadequate at expressing many of Thoreau’s non-verbal insights into truth. Thoreau must use non-literal language to express these notions, and the reader must reach out to understand.  — Ken Kifer 
内容推荐 Walden 《瓦尔登湖》,世界自然主义文学经典著作,梭罗在书中详尽地描述了他在瓦尔登湖湖畔一片再生林中度过两年又两月的生活以及期间他的许多思考。作者无微不至地描述两年多的湖畔独居生活:大至四季交替造成的景色变化,小到两只蚂蚁的争斗,无不栩栩如生地再现于梭罗的生花妙笔之下,并且描写也不流于表浅,而是有着博物学家的精确。
Civil Disobedience《论公民不服从的义务》,梭罗重要的政治随笔,首次发表于1849年。在文章中,梭罗主张,人民不应允许政府统治他们的良心或使之萎缩,且人民有义务避免这样的默许,防止政府把他们变成不正义的行动者。对奴隶制和墨西哥-美国战争的厌恶,也是梭罗写作本文的原因。
Henry David Thoreau’s masterwork Walden is a collection of his reflections on life and society. In 1845, Thoreau moved to a cabin that he built with his own hands along the shores of Walden Pond in Massachusetts. Shedding the trivial ties that he felt bound much of humanity, Thoreau reaped from the land both physically and mentally, and pursued truth in the quiet of nature. In Walden, he explains how separating oneself from the world of men can truly awaken the sleeping self. Thoreau holds fast to the notion that you have not truly existed until you adopt such a lifestyle—and only then can you reenter society, as an enlightened being.
These simple but profound musings—as well as “Civil Disobedience,” his protest against the government’s interference with civil liberty—have inspired many to embrace his philosophy of individualism and love of nature. More than a century and a half later, his message is more timely than ever.
作者简介 Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts in 1817. He graduated from Harvard in 1837, the same year he began his lifelong Journal. Inspired by Ralph Waldo Emerson, Thoreau became a key member of the Transcendentalist movement that included Margaret Fuller and Bronson Alcott. The Transcendentalists' faith in nature was tested by Thoreau between 1845 and 1847 when he lived for twenty-six months in a homemade hut at Walden Pond. While living at Walden, Thoreau worked on the two books published during his lifetime: Walden (1854) and A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers (1849). Several of his other works, including The Maine Woods, Cape Cod, and Excursions, were published posthumously. Thoreau died in Concord, at the age of forty-four, in 1862.
W.S. Merwin has published many highly regarded books of poems, for which he has received a number of distinguished awards—the Pulitzer Prize, Bollingen Award, Fellowship of the Academy of American Poets and the Governor's Award for Literature of the state of Hawaii among them. He has translated widely from many languages, and his versions of classics such as The Poem of the Cid and The Song of Roland are standards.
William Howarth is Professor Emeritus of English at Princeton University. His thirteen books on literature and history include The Book of Concord: Thoreau's Life as a Writer,Walking with Thoreau, and The John McPhee Reader. As "Dana Hand" he collaborates with Anne Matthews on fiction and film, and as co-publishers of Scarlet Oak Press.
目录 Introduction 
Walden: or, Life in the Woods 
  
1. Economy 
  2. Where I Lived, and What I Lived for 
  3. Reading 
  4. Sounds 
  5. Solitude 
  6. Visitors 
  7. The Bean-Field 
  8. The Village 
  9. The Ponds 
 10. Baker Farm 
 11. Higher Laws 
 12. Brute Neighbors 
 13. House-Warming 
 14. Former Inhabitants, and Winter Visitors 
 15. Winter Animals 
 16. The Pond in Winter 
 17. Spring 
 18. Conclusion 

Civil Disobedience 
Poems 
  Sic Vita 
  Winter Memories 
  To the Maiden in the East 
  Smoke
  Mist
  Inspiration
Afterword
Bibliography
在线试读部分章节 When I wrote the following pages, or rather the bulk of them, I lived alone, in the woods, a mile from any neighbor, in a house which I had built myself, on the shore of Walden Pond, in Concord, Massachusetts, and earned my living by the labor of my hands only. I lived there two years and two months. At present I am a sojourner in civilized life again.
I should not obtrude my affairs so much on the notice of my readers if very particular inquiries had not been made by my townsmen concerning my mode of life, which some would call impertinent, though they do not appear to me at all impertinent, but, considering the circumstances, very natural and pertinent. Some have asked what I got to eat; if I did not feel lonesome; if I was not afraid; and the like. Others have been curious to learn what portion of my income I devoted to charitable purposes; and some, who have large families, how many poor children I maintained. I will therefore ask those of my readers who feel no particular interest in me to pardon me if I undertake to answer some of these questions in this book. In most books, the I, or first person, is omitted; in this it will be retained; that, in respect to egotism, is the main difference. We commonly do not remember that it is, after all, always the first person that is speaking. I should not talk so much about myself if there were anybody else whom I knew as well. Unfortunately, I am confined to this theme by the narrowness of my experience. Moreover, I, on my side, require of every writer, first or last, a simple and sincere account of his own life, and not merely what he has heard of other men’s lives; some such account as he would send to his kindred from a distant land; for if he has lived sincerely, it must have been in a distant land to me. Perhaps these pages are more particularly addressed to poor students. As for the rest of my readers, they will accept such portions as apply to them. I trust that none will stretch the seams in putting on the coat, for it may do good service to him whom it fits.

好的,这是一本关于美国文学经典与政治哲学的综合性导读: 跨越世代的沉思:美国精神与个人觉醒的探索 书名:《自由的低语:从惠特曼到马丁·路德·金的美国思想图谱》 内容概述: 本书并非聚焦于某一特定作家的单一作品,而是一次对十九世纪中期至二十世纪后半叶美国思想文化脉络的宏大巡礼。它深入剖析了塑造现代美国精神的几大核心议题:个体与社群的张力、自然的再神圣化、对既有体制的批判与超越,以及非暴力抵抗的哲学基石。通过对多位标志性人物及其核心著作的细致解读与比较分析,本书试图勾勒出一幅清晰的图景——美国文化如何在对欧洲传统的继承与对本土经验的吸收中,完成了自我概念的构建与不断的自我审视。 本书的结构分为五个相互关联的部分,旨在提供一个既有深度又有广度的阅读体验: --- 第一部分:浪漫主义的回响与自然的庇护所(1830s-1860s) 本章聚焦于美国本土浪漫主义思潮的兴起,特别是其对超验主义(Transcendentalism)的推崇。我们探究了爱默生(Ralph Waldo Emerson)的“自助论”如何将个体直觉提升至至高无上的地位,挑战传统教条与社会习俗的权威性。随后,我们转向对自然环境与人类精神关系的深入考察。 这一部分将详细分析自然景观如何成为抵抗工业化和物质主义侵蚀的最后堡垒。我们探讨了早期美国作家如何将荒野视为精神净化的场所,以及这种对“纯粹”环境的向往,如何催生出一种对过度文明化的深刻怀疑。重点将放在文本如何构建了一种“退隐”的理想,并非出于逃避,而是为了更清晰地聆听内心的声音,为后续的社会行动储备道德能量。 关键议题探讨: 知识的来源——是来自传统还是个体体验?个体自足的可能性与局限性。 --- 第二部分:良知与抗争的艺术:公民不服从的哲学溯源 尽管本书不直接分析特定书籍,但本章将追溯“公民不服从”这一概念在十九世纪美国思想史上的理论铺垫。我们将考察早期思想家如何论证个体良知高于国家法律的道德优先性。 这一部分将深入解析了早期美国知识分子对法律的辩证态度:一方面,法律是社会秩序的必要工具;另一方面,当法律被用于支持不公正,特别是奴隶制和战争时,它便丧失了其神圣性。本书将对比不同流派对“非暴力抵抗”这一概念的理解差异,从温和的道德呼吁到激进的直接行动理论的萌芽。我们还将分析这种抵抗思想如何与当时的社会改革运动(如禁酒运动、妇女选举权运动)产生复杂的互动。 案例分析重点: 道德权威与世俗权力之间的权力博弈机制。 --- 第三部分:现实主义的觉醒与社会病理学的诊断(1870s-1920s) 随着内战结束和美国社会进入镀金时代,思潮从浪漫的理想主义转向对社会现实的冷静审视。本章探讨了现实主义和自然主义如何成为批判社会弊病的有效工具。 这一部分重点考察了作家们如何揭示工业化、城市贫困、种族歧视和僵化的社会阶层对个人幸福感的侵蚀。我们分析了批判性写作用“冰冷的手术刀”解剖美国梦的阴暗面,关注普通人在不受控的社会和经济力量面前的无力感。这部分强调了从个体精神追求转向对集体结构性问题的关注是如何发生的。 比较研究: 浪漫主义的“我”与现实主义笔下的“他者”——社会环境如何定义人的命运。 --- 第四部分:二十世纪的迷失与重建:现代主义的碎片化叙事 二十世纪上半叶,两次世界大战和技术飞速发展对美国人既有的信仰体系造成了巨大冲击。本章将聚焦于现代主义文学对“意义危机”的捕捉。 我们考察了现代主义作家如何通过实验性的叙事手法,反映出个体在日益复杂和异化的世界中感到的疏离感和碎片化。对传统权威的怀疑加深,社会价值体系面临崩溃,个体开始在精神和情感上寻求新的锚点。这部分不仅关注文学形式的革新,更关注这种革新背后所蕴含的哲学焦虑——当外部世界变得不可信赖时,内部的真实性该如何确立? 核心主题: 现代性带来的异化与对“完整自我”的追寻。 --- 第五部分:民权运动的哲学基石与当代回响 本书的收官部分聚焦于二十世纪中叶的民权运动,这是前期所有关于良知、反抗体制和个体尊严思想的集大成与实践。 我们分析了马丁·路德·金博士的非暴力抵抗理论如何系统化并吸收了非抵抗主义的精髓,将其转化为强大的政治武器。本章不仅关注其行动纲领,更深入探讨了其神学和哲学基础——即“爱”作为一种积极的、具有颠覆性的政治力量。通过金博士的论述,我们看到个体对不义的拒绝如何转化为一种重建社会正义的集体行动。 最后,本书将简要回顾这些思想流派对当代美国社会议题(如环境正义、身份政治)的持续影响,论证“对体制的审慎质疑”是美国民主健康运转的内在驱动力。 总结性思考: 自由的代价——如何在遵守社群契约与维护良知绝对性之间找到永恒的平衡点? --- 本书特点: 本书以严谨的学术视角,结合丰富的文本引述和思想史脉络梳理,避免了对任何单一著作的局限性阐释,而是构建了一个动态的、充满对话性的美国思想史框架。它适合所有对美国文学、政治哲学、伦理学和文化史有浓厚兴趣的读者,旨在提供一个更宏大、更具关联性的理解视角,超越对某一本“必读书目”的孤立式阅读。阅读本书,如同攀上高处,得以俯瞰美国精神数百年间的起伏与抉择。

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每一次重读,我都会有全新的体会,仿佛这本书的内容本身也在随着我人生的经历而不断演变。早年读它,或许只是被其田园牧歌式的背景所吸引,认为那是一种逃避现实的浪漫主义想象。然而,随着阅历的增长,我开始理解到,作者选择瓦尔登湖,并非为了逃避社会,而是为了更清晰地看清社会,为了以更强大的内心力量回归并影响世界。那种对“效率至上”的批判,放在今天这个全民“内卷”的时代,更显得预见性十足。他教会我们,慢下来不是落后,而是为了走得更远、更稳健。这本书像一面镜子,映照出我们自身在追逐外在成功时,对内在宁静的亏欠。它是一剂清醒剂,帮助我们在喧嚣中锚定自己真正的价值坐标,确保我们不至于在盲目的追逐中迷失了方向。

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读完这书,我不得不承认,它带来的冲击远超出了我最初对一本“自然散文集”的预期。更深层次上,它是一部关于“如何生活”的深刻宣言。作者的语言风格时而如清泉般涓涓细流,描绘着四季更迭中湖畔的微妙变化;时而又如同闪电般锐利,直指社会体制的弊病和人性的弱点。这种强烈的对比和张力,使得阅读体验充满了节奏感和思考的深度。我特别关注到他对于“自我依赖”的强调,那份几乎要与世界划清界限的孤傲,背后其实是对个体价值的终极肯定。他似乎在挑战读者:你真的了解自己需要什么吗?你被多少不必要的欲望所奴役而不自知?这种诘问是痛苦的,但也是解放的。它迫使我放下手中的电子设备,重新审视我日常的开销、我花费时间的方式,以及我为之奔波的“成功”标准,是否真的与我的灵魂契合。这是一次艰难但必要的精神“断舍离”。

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坦率地说,这本书的某些段落,特别是关于政治和个人责任的那部分论述,其激进程度令人咋舌,但正是这种不加掩饰的锋芒,才成就了它的不朽地位。它不是一本让人读来舒服的慰藉之书,而更像一记响亮的耳光,专门打给那些麻木不仁、默认现状的“好公民”。作者以其非凡的洞察力,将个体良知与国家机器的运作逻辑进行了尖锐的对比,那种“宁愿与政府为敌,也不愿与自己的良心妥协”的决绝态度,让人既感到震撼,又油然而生敬意。阅读这些文字,你会清晰地感受到一种强大的、近乎宗教般的热忱,驱动着他去实践他所相信的正义。这不仅仅是书本上的理论,更是他身体力行的生活哲学,这使得他的论点拥有了无可辩驳的实践基础和道德高度,而非空谈。

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从文学性的角度来品味,这本书的叙事结构是极其独特的。它融合了日记体的细致、哲学思辨的严谨以及诗歌般的美感,共同构建了一个自给自足的微观宇宙。作者对于细节的捕捉能力达到了令人发指的地步,从他亲手搭建小屋的每一个步骤,到观察水下生物的习性,无不体现出一种近乎科学家的精确和艺术家的敏感。这种百科全书式的记录,为后世的生态文学和环境主义思潮奠定了坚实的基础。我特别喜欢他如何将日常的劳作——比如烤面包、除草、钓鱼——提升到一种近乎神圣的仪式感。通过这种劳动,他不仅获得了物质上的满足,更完成了精神上的净化与整合。这本书的价值在于,它提供了一种完整的、可复制的生存蓝图,证明了人类可以在不依赖庞大社会体系的情况下,依然活得有尊严、有意义。

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这本被誉为“美国思想的瑰宝”的著作,其文字的力量简直具有一种难以言喻的穿透力。初读之下,我立刻被作者那份近乎偏执的对自然与简朴生活的推崇所吸引。他笔下的瓦尔登湖畔,不是一处简单的地理坐标,而是一个哲学的实验场,一个逃离工业喧嚣、回归本真的精神庇护所。每一次翻阅,都仿佛能听到湖水拍打岸边的声音,闻到松针腐殖土的清香,感受到阳光穿过林梢洒下的斑驳光影。那种对物质的疏离感,并非消极避世,而是一种积极的、对自我精神富足的勇敢追求。我尤其欣赏作者那种毫不妥协的自我审视,他毫不留情地剖析了社会习俗和传统观念的虚伪与桎梏,鼓励每一个读者去质疑那些我们习以为常却又毫无意义的“忙碌”。这种对内在宁静的极致渴望,在当下这个信息爆炸、节奏快到令人窒息的时代,显得尤为珍贵和振聋发聩。它提醒我们,真正的富有,源于对时间、精力和思想的自主掌控,而非银行账户上的数字堆砌。

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