内容简介
The book is based on the Hamiltonian interpretation of the method, hence the title. Methods of differential geometry and Hamiitonian formalism in particular are very popular in modern mathematical physics. It is precisely the general Hamiltonian formalism that presents the inverse scattering method in its most elegant form. Moreover, the Hamiltonian formalism provides a link between classical and quantum mechanics. So the book is not only an introduction to the classical soliton theory but also the groundwork for the quantum theory of solitons, to be discussed in another volume.
The book is addressed to specialists in mathematical physics. This has determined the choice of material and the level of mathematical rigour. We hope that it will also be of interest to mathematicians of other specialities and to theoretical physicists as well. Still, being a mathematical treatise it does not contain applications of soliton theory to specific physical phenomena.
内页插图
目录
Introduction References
Part One The Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation (NS Model)
Chapter Ⅰ Zero Curvature Representation
1.Formulation of the NS Model
2.Zero Curvature Condition
3.Properties of the Monodromy Matrix in the Quasi-Periodic Case
4.Local Integrals of the Motion
5.The Monodromy Matrix in the Rapidly Decreasing Case
6.Analytic Properties of Transition Coefficients
7.The Dynamics of Transition Coefficients
8.The Case of Finite Density.Jost Solutions
9.The Case of Finite Density.Transition Coefficients
10.The Case of Finite Density.Time Dynamics and Integrals of the Motion
1.Notes and References
References
Chapter Ⅱ The Riemann Problem
1.The Rapidly Decreasing Case.Formulation of the Riemann Problem
2.The Rapidly Decreasing Case.Analysis of the Riemann Problem
3.Application of the Inverse Scattering Problem to the NS Model
4.Relationship Between the Riemann Problem Method and the Gelfand-Levitan-Marchenko Integral Equations Formulation
5.The Rapidly Decreasing Case.Soliton Solutions
6.Solution of the Inverse Problem in the Case of Finite Density.The Riemann Problem Method
7.Solution of the Inverse Problem in the Case of Finite Density.The Gelfand-Levitan-Marchenko Formulation
8.Soliton Solutions in the Case of Finite Density
9.Notes and References References
Chapter Ⅲ The Hamiltonian Formulation
1.Fundamental Poisson Brackets and the /"-Matrix
2.Poisson Commutativity of the Motion Integrals in the Quasi-Periodic Case
3.Derivation of the Zero Curvature Representation from the Fundamental Poisson Brackets
4.Integrals of the Motion in the Rapidly Decreasing Case and in the Case of Finite Density
5.The A-Operator and a Hierarchy of Poisson Structures
6.Poisson Brackets of Transition Coefficients in the Rapidly Decreasing Case
7.Action-Angle Variables in the Rapidly Decreasing Case
8.Soliton Dynamics from the Hamiltonian Point of View
9.Complete Integrability in the Case of Finite Density
10.Notes and References
References
Part Two General Theory of Integrable Evolution Equations
Chapter Ⅰ Basic Examples and Their General Properties
1.Formulation of the Basic Continuous Models
2.Examples of Lattice Models
3.Zero Curvature Representation's a Method for Constructing Integrable Equations
4.Gauge Equivalence of the NS Model (#=-1) and the HM Model
5.Hamiltonian Formulation of the Chiral Field Equations and Related Models
6.The Riemann Problem as a Method for Constructing Solutions of Integrable Equations
7.A Scheme for Constructing the General Solution of the Zero Curvature Equation. Concluding Remarks on Integrable Equations
8.Notes and References
References
Chapter Ⅱ Fundamental Continuous Models
1.The Auxiliary Linear Problem for the HM Model
2.The Inverse Problem for the HM Model
3.Hamiltonian Formulation of the HM Model 4.The Auxiliary Linear Problem for the SG Model
5.The Inverse Problem for the SG Model
6.Hamiltonian Formulation of the SG Model
Chapter Ⅲ Fundamental Models on the Lattice
Chapter Ⅳ Lie-Algebraic Approach to the Classification and Analysis of Integrable Models Conclusion List of Symbols Index
……
Conclusion
List of Symbols
Index
前言/序言
好的,这是一份关于《孤立子理论中的哈密顿方法》(Hamiltonian Methods in the Theory of Solitons)的图书简介。这份简介将专注于描述该领域内的核心概念、历史背景、应用范围以及其重要性,同时严格避免提及任何本书的具体内容或章节安排。 --- 图书简介:孤立子理论中的哈密顿方法 孤立子:跨越数学与物理的桥梁 在非线性动力学和场论的广袤疆域中,孤立波(Soliton)现象占据着一个独特而核心的地位。它不仅仅是对线性波传播模式的一种偏离,更是一种内在的、结构稳定的波包,能够在相互作用后保持其形态和速度不变。这种非凡的稳定性与可塑性,使得孤立子成为连接纯数学结构与实际物理过程的关键纽带。它们广泛出现在从光学通信、流体力学到凝聚态物理和高能物理的各个领域。 哈密顿框架:理解动态系统的基石 要深入理解孤立子的起源、演化规律及其内在的稳定性机制,必须借助一个强大的数学工具——哈密顿力学框架。哈密顿系统是描述保守系统的经典范式,其核心在于通过能量函数(哈密顿量)来定义系统的演化方程。在这个框架内,系统的动态行为通过泊松括号而非传统的牛顿力学推导出来,提供了对对称性、守恒律以及相位空间几何的深刻洞察。 当我们将目光投向非线性偏微分方程所描述的物理系统时,一个自然而迫切的问题浮现出来:这些描述孤立子行为的方程,是否可以被视为一个无限维哈密顿系统的离散化或连续化版本? 哈密顿方法在孤立子研究中的关键作用 本书所探讨的核心议题,正是围绕如何运用和发展哈密顿方法来系统地分析和解决孤立子问题。这种方法论的价值在于,它将看似复杂的非线性演化方程,置于一个结构优美、具有内在一致性的数学结构之下。 一、从守恒律到可积性: 在哈密顿系统中,守恒量(与哈密顿量对泊松括号作用为零的量)是维持系统稳定性的关键。在孤立子理论中,发现足够多的相互作用的守恒量是判断系统是否具有可积性(Integrability)的标志之一。可积系统,特别是那些具有无限多守恒量的系统,往往是能够精确容纳孤立子解的系统。哈密顿方法提供了一套系统化的程序来寻找这些守恒量,从而揭示了孤立子行为背后的深刻代数结构。 二、谱理论与逆散射变换的联系: 现代孤立子理论的突破性进展,如逆散射变换(Inverse Scattering Transform, IST),是理解特定非线性方程(如KdV方程)精确解的关键。而哈密顿框架的强大之处在于,它与这些现代解析工具之间存在着深刻的内在联系。特别是,对于一维空间中演化的哈密顿系统,其演化规律可以通过谱理论工具来精细刻画。哈密顿量的结构决定了系统的特征值问题的性质,而这些特征值在时间演化中往往保持不变——这构成了IST方法中“时间演化”部分的物理基础。 三、几何与拓扑的视角: 将孤立子视为在无限维函数空间上的运动轨迹,哈密顿方法允许研究者从微分几何和拓扑学的角度审视这些系统。相位空间的几何结构,特别是泊松括号所定义的辛(Symplectic)结构,为理解孤立子的碰撞、散射和变形提供了直观的几何解释。通过在这些几何背景下分析哈密顿量,可以推导出关于孤立子能量分布和相互作用能量转移的深刻见解。 四、从经典到量子的过渡: 哈密顿力学不仅是经典物理的语言,它也是量子力学的直接先驱。因此,成功地将一个非线性偏微分方程建立在一个稳健的哈密顿基础上,为后续的量子化过程奠定了坚实的基础。在凝聚态物理中,描述准粒子激发(如磁振子或电子的某些集体激发)的理论,往往需要从其经典哈密顿模型出发进行正则量子化。哈密顿方法确保了从经典描述到量子描述的映射过程是自洽且守恒的。 研究展望:挑战与机遇 尽管哈密顿方法在分析可积孤立子系统方面取得了巨大成功,但现实中的许多物理现象(例如,在含有耗散、非局部效应或存在多个场耦合的系统中)所对应的方程并非完全可积。因此,现代研究的重点已转向如何将哈密顿工具扩展到拟可积(Near-Integrable)系统。这包括研究哈密顿系统中的微扰理论、混沌行为的产生机制,以及如何用哈密顿近似来描述那些仅在特定尺度下表现出孤立子特征的非完全可积系统。 本书旨在提供一个全面的、结构化的视角,深入探讨哈密顿理论如何成为解析孤立子现象、揭示非线性动态系统内在可积性特征,以及指导未来非线性物理研究不可或缺的理论支柱。它面向对数学物理、非线性动力学和场论有深入兴趣的研究人员、高年级研究生和专业学者。